Cuticular Antifungals in Spiders: Density- and Condition Dependence

Cuticular Antifungals in Spiders: Density- and Condition Dependence

Animals living in groups face a high risk of disease contagion. In many arthropod species, cuticular antimicrobials constitute the first protective barrier that prevents infections. Here we report that group-living spiders produce cuticular chemicals which inhibit fungal growth. Given that cuticular antifungals may be costly to produce, we explored whether they can be modulated according to the...

Cuticular bacteria appear detrimental to social spiders in mixed but not monoculture exposure

Much of an animal's health status, life history, and behavior are dictated by interactions with its endogenous and exogenous bacterial communities. Unfortunately, interactions between hosts and members of their resident bacterial community are often ignored in animal behavior and behavioral ecology. Here, we aim to identify the nature of host-microbe interactions in a nonmodel organism, the Afr...

Electrical reliability of electrically conductive adhesive joints: dependence on curing condition and current density

The use of electrically conductive adhesives as interconnection materials in electronic assembly process is increasingly becoming a vital part of the electronics industry. Flip-chip joining technique using conductive adhesives has been identi®ed as a key technology for future electronics assembly and manufacturing. The purpose of the present work is to investigate optimum conditions to achieve ...

Thar density and vegetation condition

Antifungals in severe asthma.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW Despite guideline-based treatment, many patients with severe asthma continue to have uncontrolled disease. Fungal allergy is being increasingly recognized in the pathogenesis of severe asthma. Limited data exist on the approach to treatment of fungal asthma. This review summarizes existing evidence on the use of antifungal agents in allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABP...